O. V. Zoltner
ovlakor@yandex.ru
Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk, Russian Federation
The system of variants and derivatives of syntactic invariants
of the Russian simple sentence
Abstract: The article is devoted to the description of a system of variants and derivatives of originalsentences
constructed according to the same minimal structural scheme. Variation and derivation, as the laws of the functioning of
linguistic units, are also implemented in the syntactic system of the language. In the Russian language, there are techniques
of variation ensuring the adaptation of the utterance to the conditions of the text and communication, as well as certain
models for creating derivatives based on the original sentence. Appeal to the experience of Russian syntaxists-researchers V. A. Beloshapkova and M. P. Odintsova allows us to distinguish between the concepts of variation and derivation in the
sphere of Russian simple sentences, formal modifications, and regular implementations of sentences, which in Russian
studies do not have an unambiguous interpretation. Such modifications of the original sentence should be distinguished
from modal-temporal transformations (in the concept of N. Yu. Shvedova) associated with the categories of mood, modality,
and time. At the same time, each sentence appears in one or another modal-temporal form, but not every sentence taken
in context is a variant or derivative of the original sentence. The possibilities for such transformations are inherent in
the potential of the sentence itself, but depend on many conditions: the nature of the minimal structural scheme, the
lexical composition of the components of the scheme, the semantics of the propagating components of the sentence, their
grammatical and valence potential. Based on the paradigmatic approach, the possible composition of the members of the
paradigm of formal modifications (variants) and regular implementations (derivatives) of the original sentence and the
language sample is analyzed. The author characterizes the features of each member of these paradigms, paying attention to
the possible combination of several modifications and derivational values in one sentence. The study of these possibilities in
both synchronic and diachronic aspects from the viewpoint of different approaches is one of the tasks of modern linguistic
research.
Keywords: syntax, sentence paradigm, regular implementations, sentence derivation paradigm, sentence variation,
formal modifications, sentence variant paradigm.
Paper submitted: March 9, 2023.
For citation: Zoltner O. V. (2023) The system of variants and derivatives of syntactic invariants of the Russian simple
sentence. Russian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 37–47. DOI: 10.57015/issn1998-5320.2023.17.4.4
