An abstract is a source of information independent of the article, a brief description of the paper content. It not only helps the reader to quickly get acquainted with the publication materials but also, along with the title of the paper, makes it easy to find the paper in abstract databases or systematic catalogs. Most people first get acquainted with a paper only through its abstract, when they search for literature on a topic of interest to them. The reader should very quickly decide whether to read the entire article.
The abstract should be as informative as possible.
It is recommended to avoid unnecessary, lengthy phrases, detailed descriptions, copying phrases from the paper, using abbreviations and references to sources.
The abstract should be compiled according to GOST 7.9-95 “Informative abstract and indicative abstract” (the abstract includes a description of the topic, purpose, degree of novelty, and the main results of the work).
The volume of the abstract is 150–200 words.
Recommended order of presenting information:
1) problem statement – formulation of a scientific problem, currently not fully solved in a theoretical or practical aspect, in relation to which there are inconsistencies between theoretical background and reality, etc.;
2) a specific scientific task that allows solving the scientific problem;
3) methodological basis – describing the conceptual and theoretical foundations of the research (economic or related theories, according to which the logic of the paper is built);
4) materials used (information base), research methods; this part should include a description of the tools used to solve the scientific problem, as well as the empirical results of testing the proposed method;
5) the main results of the study (solution of a scientific problem), area of their application; this part is a detailed description of the author’s personal contribution to the considered problem;
6) conclusions that make it possible to give an answer to the problem posed and specify further directions of research.